Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
要了解中國文化,就應該對中國的戲曲文化有所了解。中國地方戲種類很多,其中京劇是一個具有代表 性的劇種。作為一個獨立的劇種,京劇的誕生大約是在1840年至I860年。京劇是在吸收其他地方戲營養(yǎng)的基礎 上形成的。京劇有明確的角色分工;在念白上用北京方言;在音樂上以胡琴為主要伴奏樂器。由于京劇是在融 合各種地方戲之精華的基礎上形成的,所以它不僅為北京的觀眾所鐘愛,也受到全國人民的喜愛。
Part Ⅳ Translation
參考答案
To understand the Chinese culture, you have to know something about the Chinese opera culture. In China, there are many kinds of local operas, among which Peking Opera is a representative one. As an independent opera form, Peking Opera was approximately born between 1840 and I860. Peking opera originated from absorbing the essentials of other local operas. In Peking Opera there is a clear division of roles; the spoken parts are in Beijing dialect; and huqin, is the main accompaniment instrument. Since Peking Opera has combined the cream of various local operas, it is enjoyed not only by Beijing audience, but also by people all over the country.
難點精析
1.要了解中國文化,就應該對中國的戲曲文化有所了解:該句沒有給出明確的主語,因而在翻譯時要注意:增譯主語you。“中國的戲曲文化”可譯為the Chinese opera culture。
2.中國地方戲種類很多,其中京劇是一個具有代表性的劇種:該句在翻譯時可以采用非限定性定語從句結構。該句可譯為:In China, there are many kinds of local operas, among which Peking Opera is a representative one.注意此處為了避免在前后分句中重復使用名詞opera而在后半句中使用了名詞性替代詞 one。
3.京劇是在吸收其他地方戲營養(yǎng)的基礎上形成的:“在……的基礎上形成”如果直接譯為be formed on the I basis of...會稍顯生硬,因而可以靈活譯為originate from...。“地方戲”可以直譯為local opera。
4.念白:“念白”指的是中國戲曲中人物的獨白或者兩者的對話,因而此處在翻譯時可將其靈活譯為the I spoken parts。
5.胡琴:這一特有名詞在英文中并沒有直接對應的詞匯或表達,因而可以采用漢語拼音表示。
6.它不僅為北京的觀眾所鐘愛,也受到全國人民的喜愛:“不僅 也 ”常用not only…but also…來表達。此處句中的“鐘愛”和“喜愛”同義,在翻譯后半部分內(nèi)容時可以將與前半部分重復的內(nèi)容省略,故該部分內(nèi)容可譯為:it is enjoyed not only by Beijing audience, but also by people all over the country。