看看你愛(ài)豆的英文名怎么來(lái)的!

同樣地，再往前數(shù)，成龍的前輩Bruce Lee(李小龍)也是給中國(guó)武術(shù)賺足了臉面。

視線拉回來(lái)，馳騁在維密舞臺(tái)上的中國(guó)超模，Liu Wen(劉雯)，He Sui(何穗)也漸漸累積起了自己的國(guó)際聲望。

觀察一下他們出現(xiàn)在外媒報(bào)道中的名字，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一點(diǎn)不一樣。

下面你就可以看到，打響國(guó)際名聲的中國(guó)明星們，用的是什么名字。

咱們來(lái)分析一下2017年的福布斯中國(guó)名人榜：

 

 

? 超7成中國(guó)明星使用拼音名

2017年福布斯中國(guó)名人榜前50名中，使用拼音名的共有37位明星，使用英文名的共有13位，分別占總數(shù)的74%和26%。

? 內(nèi)地明星中近9成使用拼音名

榜單中共有38位內(nèi)地明星，這38個(gè)人當(dāng)中，使用拼音名的有34位，占總數(shù)的89%左右。

另外4位使用英文名的分別是Angelababy(楊穎)，F(xiàn)aye Wong(王菲)，Chris Lee(李宇春)以及TFboys(王俊凱Karry Wang、易烊千璽Jackson Yee、王源Roy Wang)。

? 港澳臺(tái)及華裔外籍明星中使用英文名的超8成

港澳臺(tái)及外籍明星共有12人，使用拼音名的有2人，占總數(shù)的17%，分別是臺(tái)灣明星林志玲與演員舒淇。

英文名中，有我們熟知的Jackie Chan(成龍)、Jay Chou(周杰倫)、Kris Wu(吳亦凡)等等。

取名背后的考量

明星們用在國(guó)際媒體上的名字，取名時(shí)會(huì)有怎樣的考量呢。

關(guān)于中國(guó)人的英文名，華東師范大學(xué)博士吳海云在第六聲撰文稱(chēng)：

An obvious interpretation of naming practices claims that having a Western name makes it easier for a Chinese person to navigate cross-cultural interactions. While this assertion is true in part, it fails to explain why other globalizing countries do not partake as widely in such a phenomenon. Why do, say, the Japanese or Koreans not take English names? An alternative explanation views the enthusiasm for English names as a manifestation of a more general admiration for the West.

取英文名這個(gè)現(xiàn)象最顯而易見(jiàn)的解釋是可以讓中國(guó)人在跨文化交流中更如魚(yú)得水。但這個(gè)判斷并不完全正確，它沒(méi)有解釋為什么其他正在全球化進(jìn)程中的國(guó)家沒(méi)有參與到這種現(xiàn)象里來(lái)。比方說(shuō)，為什么日本人和韓國(guó)人沒(méi)有大規(guī)模地取英文名?還有一種對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題的解釋是，對(duì)英文名的熱情顯示了對(duì)西方的崇拜。

However, in my opinion, what both of these interpretations ignore is China’s own rich naming tradition. After all, when Chinese people take English names, they do not give up their birth names; the new name becomes merely an additional moniker. In fact, the adoption of a series of names and nicknames is a long-held custom in the country.

但我覺(jué)得，上面這兩種解釋都忽略了一點(diǎn)，那就是中國(guó)自己的豐富的取名文化。畢竟中國(guó)人取英文名的時(shí)候，并沒(méi)有拋棄他們自己的名字，新的英文名只是作為一個(gè)補(bǔ)充名存在。事實(shí)上，這種取幾個(gè)名字或者綽號(hào)的行為一直存在于中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)文化里。

Until the mid-1900s in China, a person would normally inherit their father’s xing, or surname, at birth. Later, at 100 days old, the baby would be given a ming, a personal name chosen by the parents. At the beginning of adulthood — usually age 20 for men and age 15 for women — the individual would be granted an alternative personal name, or a zi. In the Confucian society of ancient China, it was common courtesy to address people using their zi.

20世紀(jì)中葉之前，中國(guó)人通常會(huì)在出生的時(shí)候先繼承父親的姓氏，然后百天的時(shí)候取一個(gè)名，由父母選定。在成年的時(shí)候——一般男性是20歲，女性是15歲——這個(gè)人就會(huì)再擁有一個(gè)名，或者字。在孔子那個(gè)時(shí)代，禮貌的做法是稱(chēng)呼對(duì)方的字。

Apart from the three kinds of formal names, a self-chosen name known as a hao was also very popular. The zi of the famous Tang dynasty poet Li Bai was“Taibai,”but to this day many Chinese know him by two haos:“The Lay Buddhist of Qinglian (青蓮居士)”and“The Banished Immortal (謫仙人)”. The latter came from a tenet of folk wisdom, which dictated that those who had misbehaved in heaven were frequently exiled to the human realm and became people of great talent.

除了上面這三種正式的名字之外，人們還可以自己選定一個(gè)名字，叫做號(hào)，這種做法很受歡迎。唐朝著名詩(shī)人李白的字就是“太白”，但是如今很多中國(guó)人都知道他還有兩個(gè)號(hào)，一個(gè)叫“青蓮居士”，另一個(gè)叫“謫仙人”。后面這個(gè)號(hào)來(lái)源于一個(gè)民間故事，說(shuō)的是，犯了天條的神仙會(huì)被貶謫到凡間，而且會(huì)擁有超凡的才華。

From the first half of the 20th century onward, as China began to modernize, the practice of taking zi and hao began to die out. Today, most Chinese have only xing and ming. Against this backdrop, the current trend toward taking English names can be viewed as a form of cultural resurgence — a continuation of ancient tradition with a modern twist.

從20世紀(jì)上半葉開(kāi)始，中國(guó)開(kāi)始現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程，人們給自己取字和號(hào)的做法開(kāi)始慢慢消失。如今的大多數(shù)中國(guó)人只有姓和名。在這個(gè)大背景下，目前取英文名的做法可以看做是某種意義上的文化復(fù)興——一種古老取名文化的延續(xù)，不過(guò)是帶了一點(diǎn)現(xiàn)代的色彩。

More accurately, English names today play the same role as hao did in traditional China. Both are self-chosen and aim to reveal an aspect of the individual’s personality. In imperial China, the literati would commonly hold several hao at the same time, each intended to shine a light on a different side of their characters or reflect a valuable experience from their lives.

準(zhǔn)確一點(diǎn)來(lái)講，如今的英文名就相當(dāng)于從前的號(hào)。二者都是自己選擇的，而且都是為了展示這個(gè)人的某一側(cè)面。在封建時(shí)代，中國(guó)的士大夫們通常會(huì)同時(shí)擁有很多個(gè)號(hào)。每一個(gè)號(hào)都是為了凸顯他們個(gè)性中不同的側(cè)面，或者是為了反映出生活中寶貴的經(jīng)歷。

In the same way that one’s hao was bound by certain social conventions, so are English names subject to certain rules. In today’s China, English names may be commonly used among Chinese colleagues in the workplace but almost never in a familial context or among best friends.

號(hào)受到特定社會(huì)習(xí)俗的約束，同樣地，英文名也需要遵循特定規(guī)則。當(dāng)今中國(guó)，英文名在職場(chǎng)的同事之間使用得很廣泛，但家人之間和親密朋友之間并不會(huì)稱(chēng)呼對(duì)方英文名。

As a form of address, English names imply a certain amount of distance between speakers. In this way, these adopted monikers allow people to embody different social identities, in the same way that xing, ming, and hao denoted social boundaries in former times.

作為稱(chēng)呼的一種形式，英文名自帶一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)距離感。這樣一來(lái)，人們使用這些代號(hào)來(lái)體現(xiàn)自己的不同社會(huì)身份，這一點(diǎn)和過(guò)去的姓、名，以及號(hào)一樣，象征著社會(huì)界限。

明星們的名字會(huì)受到各種因素的影響：市場(chǎng)宣推的需要、個(gè)人的文化認(rèn)同等等。

但不可否認(rèn)的一點(diǎn)是，從來(lái)就不是名字定義了你，而是，你定義了你的名字。

你有過(guò)英文名嗎?取名的時(shí)候是什么想法呢?