2019年，該行業(yè)超過(guò)一半的首席執(zhí)行官由女性取代

2019年，該行業(yè)超過(guò)一半的首席執(zhí)行官由女性取代

Some industries appear more conducive to women leaders than others.

一些行業(yè)似乎比其他行業(yè)更有利于女性領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。

Companies in the apparel industry boasted the highest rate of CEO replacements who are women (53.8 percent, or seven out of 13) last year, while companies in the government and nonprofit sector had the highest number of women CEO replacements (114 out of 263, or 43.3 percent).

去年，服裝行業(yè)的女性CEO替換率最高(53.8%，占13分之7)，而政府和非營(yíng)利行業(yè)的女性CEO替換率最高(263分之114，占43.3%)。

That’s according to a new report from the executive outplacement firm Challenger, Gray & Christmas. Women’s clothing sales far outpace those of men: sales of women’s clothing reach approximately $643 billion annually, according to market-research group Euromonitor, compared to around $420 billion a year for men.

這是根據(jù)高管再就業(yè)公司Challenger, Gray & Christmas的最新報(bào)告得出的結(jié)論。女性服裝銷售額遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)男性:據(jù)市場(chǎng)研究機(jī)構(gòu)歐睿(Euromonitor)的數(shù)據(jù)，女性服裝銷售額約為每年6,430億美元，而男性約為每年4,200億美元。

Other industries with relatively high shares of women CEO replacements included hospitals (35.7 percent, or 35 out of 98), health care and products (22.6 percent, or 21 out of 93) and the financial industry (20 percent, or 22 out of 110).

其他女性CEO替代比例相對(duì)較高的行業(yè)包括醫(yī)院(35.7%，占98人中的35人)、醫(yī)療保健和產(chǎn)品(22.6%，占93人中的21人)和金融業(yè)(20%，占110人中的22人)。

At the other end of the spectrum, the tech industry had just 7.6 percent women CEO replacements (14 out of 185), while six industries — cannabis, chemical, engineering, legal, mining and telecommunications — had no CEO replacements in 2019 who were women.

另一方面，科技行業(yè)只有7.6%的女性CEO被替換(185人中有14人)，而印度大麻、化學(xué)、工程、法律、采礦和電信等6個(gè)行業(yè)在2019年都沒(méi)有女性CEO被替換。

“More companies need to ensure women are in the leadership pipeline that feeds the CEO role,” Andrew Challenger, Challenger, Gray & Christmas vice president, said in a statement.

Gray & Christmas副總裁Andrew Challenger在一份聲明中稱:“更多的公司需要確保女性在CEO的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)崗位上。”

Studies have shown gender stereotyping starts in school and at home and continues into the workplace, meaning that there are fewer women in senior management or C-suite positions to be appointed as CEO.

研究顯示，性別刻板印象從學(xué)校和家庭開(kāi)始，一直延續(xù)到職場(chǎng)，這意味著在高級(jí)管理層或高管層擔(dān)任首席執(zhí)行官的女性越來(lái)越少。

A 2016 study of 21,500 eighth-graders found that 45 percent of the girls were proficient at using their skills to solve real-world technology and engineering scenarios, compared with 42 percent of the boys. By the time they’re teenagers, however, a small share of girls plan to pursue a career in STEM. Girls’ hesitancy to get into these jobs may be due in part to the images of scientists they’re exposed to early on in television and other media.

2016年，一項(xiàng)針對(duì)21500名八年級(jí)學(xué)生的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，45%的女孩擅長(zhǎng)利用自己的技能解決現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的技術(shù)和工程場(chǎng)景，而男孩只有42%。然而，在青少年時(shí)期，有一小部分女孩計(jì)劃在STEM領(lǐng)域追求自己的事業(yè)。女孩們不愿從事這些工作，部分原因可能是她們?cè)缒暝陔娨暫推渌襟w上看到的科學(xué)家形象。

Women who leave the engineering field report things like being belittled or insulted behind their back at work as well as being treated in a condescending or patronizing manner, according to a 2014 study by Nadya Fouad, an educational psychology professor at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee.

根據(jù)威斯康辛大學(xué)密爾沃基分校(University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee)教育心理學(xué)教授納迪亞·福阿德(Nadya Fouad) 2014年的一項(xiàng)研究，離開(kāi)工程領(lǐng)域的女性會(huì)報(bào)告在工作中受到背后的輕視或侮辱，以及受到居高臨下或居高臨下的對(duì)待。

The Challenger report also found that a smaller share of women replaced outgoing CEOs last year than they did the previous year. The percentage slowed from 22.5 percent in 2018 to 21.7 percent in 2019, having mostly climbed since their 12.4 percent share in 2010.

挑戰(zhàn)者報(bào)告還發(fā)現(xiàn)，與前一年相比，去年離職ceo的女性比例有所下降。這一比例從2018年的22.5%降至2019年的21.7%，自2010年的12.4%以來(lái)，這一比例基本上有所上升。

Still, the number of women replacement CEOs (308 out of a total 1,422 replacement CEOs recorded) represented a record high from 10 years ago, according to the report. Men replaced women in 131 cases in 2019, while women replaced men in 189 cases.

盡管如此，報(bào)告顯示，女性ceo的替代人數(shù)(有記錄的1422名替代ceo中有308名)仍創(chuàng)下10年前的新高。2019年有131例男性取代女性，189例女性取代男性。

Female CEOs led just 33 Fortune 500 companies (or 6.6 percent) as of last year, a low share that marked a record high. A related phenomenon known as the “glass cliff,” in which struggling companies tap women leaders to right the ship, has also been well documented.

截至去年，《財(cái)富》500強(qiáng)企業(yè)中，女性ceo僅領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了33家(占6.6%)，這一比例創(chuàng)下歷史新低。與此相關(guān)的“玻璃懸崖”(glass cliff)現(xiàn)象也得到了充分的證明。在“玻璃懸崖”中，陷入困境的公司讓女性領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者來(lái)掌舵。