牛津博客詞匯辨析：into & in to

Into or in to?To understand the distinction between these words, we need to go back to grammar.

Into還是in to?理解這兩個詞的不同，我們需要先回到語法上。

into是一個介詞，可用在名詞或代詞前的，語義上可以表示：

1).describing movement or action that results in someone or something becoming enclosed, surrounded by, or being in contact with something else: Martin put the wine into the fridge; Pat crashed into another car.

1).描述運動或者動作可以導(dǎo)致某人或某物被物理狀態(tài)上被封閉起來，被圍繞起來或者與其他物品產(chǎn)生聯(lián)系：Maitin將酒放入了冰箱;Pat沖進了另一輛車。

2).towards the direction of something: the main road leads into the city centre.

2).朝向某物的方向：這條路通向市中心

3).expressing a change of state: the peaceful demo turned into a violent confrontation.

3).表達一種狀態(tài)的改變：和平的情境演變成了暴力的對抗

4).showing the result of an action: the minister was forced into a public apology.

4).展示動作的結(jié)果：在被迫的情況下，部長公開道歉。

5).about or relating to something: an investigation into the incident is under way.

5).表示與某事相關(guān)或有聯(lián)系：一場與該事故有關(guān)的調(diào)查正在進行中。

6).used when dividing numbers: two goes into six three times.

6).做除法的時候：6除以2等于3。

7).used informally to mean actively interested in something: she's into running

7).非正式用法中可表示對某事有濃厚的興趣：她對跑步很感興趣。

對于in和to，它們分別有很多不同的含義并且可在句子中充當(dāng)不同的成分(它們都可以作副詞和介詞;in還可以作為形容詞和名詞)。你也可以將to作為基本形式(不定式)動詞使用：

We're concerned here with cases where in and to occur together in a sentence or clause, but they should be written as separate words because they're fulfilling different functions.

我們考慮這樣一種情況：in和to在同一個句子中使用，但他們應(yīng)該單獨分開寫因為它們完成不同的功能。

Mum called us in to supper (adverb in, preposition to)

媽媽叫我們進來吃晚餐(in充當(dāng)副詞，to充當(dāng)介詞)

He caved in to their demands (phrasal verb cave in, preposition to)

他為他們的要求讓步(動詞短語cave in，to充當(dāng)介詞)。

The whole family pitched in to clean the house (phrasal verb pitch in, infinitive to clean)

全家人都投入到房屋大掃除中(動詞短語pitch in，不定式to clean)。

Two tips

兩條小建議

下面這些問題可以幫助你作出選擇：

1.Is to part of an infinitive verb or is it a preposition?If yes, always write in and to as separate words:

1.To是要作為不定時的一部分使用或作為介詞使用嗎?如果是，一般將in和to分開來寫：

Ministers stepped in to resolve the crisis. (in is part of the phrasal verb step in; to resolve is an infinitive verb form)

部長們介入來解決處理。(in是動詞詞組step in 的一部分;to resolve 是動詞不定式形式)

He listened in to our phone call.(in is part of the phrasal verb listen in; to is a preposition that belongs with the noun phrase our phone call)

他聽取了我們的電話。(in是動詞詞組listen in的一部分;to是介詞，連接名詞短語our phone call)

2.Does into appear in conjunction with a verb (or phrasal verb) of movement, action, or change, and is it functioning as a preposition that's linked in meaning to a noun or pronoun? If yes, always write into as one word:

2.Into是否連接了一個與運動、動作、改變相關(guān)的動詞(或動詞短語)或他充當(dāng)了介詞的功能，在含義上與名詞或介詞相關(guān)聯(lián)?如果答案是yes，通常使用連起來的單詞：into

When I first stepped into the room, I had no idea of its size. (step is a simple verb of movement; into is a preposition)

當(dāng)我第一次踏進那個房間時，我對他的大小并沒有概念。(step是一個簡單運動動詞;into是一個介詞)

Their company ran into financial difficulties.(run into is a phrasal verb)

他們的公司遇到了財務(wù)困難。(run into是一個動詞短語)

下面是一個小測驗。判斷一下下面句子中into和in to 的使用是正確的嗎?

I got in to my car and zoomed off home.

The second half of the film degenerates into a series of sketches.

They finally gave in to his demands.

The plane flew in to Gatwick an hour late.

She was brought into work on costume design.

He’s really in to tennis.

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