托福聽(tīng)力細(xì)節(jié)題的題型攻略

　　首先我們來(lái)了解一下托福聽(tīng)力細(xì)節(jié)題正確答案的特點(diǎn)，一般來(lái)說(shuō)包括以下四點(diǎn)：synonym同義詞替換、paraphrase句子改寫、consistent和主旨內(nèi)容保持一致、objective 科學(xué)客觀。而相對(duì)應(yīng)的干擾項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)一般是：exactly the same 有若干詞和原文一樣，但整體句意不同、inconsistent 和主旨內(nèi)容差別太大、incongruous 信息不同步、subjective主觀極端。把握住正確選項(xiàng)和干擾項(xiàng)的大致特征對(duì)我們正確解題會(huì)大有裨益。接下來(lái)我們需要了解一下托福聽(tīng)力官方對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的限定：

　　-important-directly or indirectly related to the main ideas-providing elaboration, examples and support-sometimes related to a long digression.

　　我們通過(guò)官方這個(gè)定義可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，托福聽(tīng)力材料中細(xì)節(jié)的作用是展開(kāi)和支持，它的意義是依附于上下文語(yǔ)境存在的，或是對(duì)概念的解釋和說(shuō)明，或是具體事例的補(bǔ)充。

　　一般而言，托福聽(tīng)力細(xì)節(jié)題的處理有三大步驟：抓住主旨;確定細(xì)節(jié)出現(xiàn)的位置;理解細(xì)節(jié)前后的信息。聽(tīng)的過(guò)程中，我們思考和記錄的不是具體數(shù)字是多少，地點(diǎn)在哪里，或者人名的拼寫，而是思考教授舉例想要說(shuō)明什么，例子前后的分析都是什么。

　　下面我們來(lái)看幾道例題：

　　例1 TPO28 Lecture4 Archaeology

　　30/34 What points does the professor make about mound sites?

　　A.They are easier to excavate than other types of archaeological sites

　　B.They often provide information about several generations of people.

　　C. They often contain evidence of trade.

　　D. Most have been found in what are now desert areas.

　　以上的細(xì)節(jié)題，即便我們還沒(méi)有聽(tīng)得很仔細(xì)，我們也是可以輕松選出答案的，因?yàn)椋?/p>

　　- 聽(tīng)力講座的主旨是研究遺址中發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)古老文明的存在

　　- trade是后面才出現(xiàn)的信息

　　- 排除掉只是細(xì)節(jié)描述的選項(xiàng)

　　例2 TPO21 Lecture3 Biology

　　27/34. Why does the professor mention the brown tree snake?

　　A. To support a hypothesis about the evolution of constrictor snakes

　　B. To support a hypothesis that venomous snakes evolved from constrictor snakes

　　C. To give an example of a snake species that was never venomous

　　D. To give an example of a type of snake that can change its color

　　解題思路：

　　- 聽(tīng)力講座的主旨是通過(guò)分析毒液的DNA而進(jìn)一步了解蛇的進(jìn)化過(guò)程

　　- 排除掉過(guò)于極端的

　　- 排除掉沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)的觀點(diǎn)

　　例3 TPO29 Lecture1 Ecology

　　7/34 According to the professor, in what way is the soil in forested areas generally different from soil in other areas?

　　A. In forested areas, the soil tends to be warmer and moister.

　　B. In forested areas, the chemistry of the soil changes more rapidly.

　　C. In forested areas, there is usually more variability in soil types

　　D. In forested areas, there is generally more acid in the soil.

　　解題思路：

　　- 聽(tīng)力講座的主旨是分析古老森林中土壤多樣性的成因及其應(yīng)用

　　- 排除掉信息不同步的

　　- 排除掉沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)的觀點(diǎn)