The Yangzte river in Central China's Hubei province, July 7, 2017. [Photo/Xinhua]
The Chinese government announced Wednesday that it had built an alert system to monitor regional environmental and resource capacity conditions, and punish those responsible for environmental damage.
我國政府20日宣布建立資源環(huán)境承載能力監(jiān)測預警機制,對環(huán)境造成損害的責任主體進行處罰。
《意見》指出,資源環(huán)境承載能力(environmental and resource capacity)分為超載(overloading)、臨界超載(near overloading)、不超載(not overloading)三個等級,根據(jù)資源環(huán)境耗損加劇與趨緩程度,進一步將超載等級分為紅色(red alert)和橙色(orange alert)兩個預警等級、臨界超載等級分為黃色(yellow alert)和藍色(blue alert)兩個預警等級、不超載等級確定為綠色無警(green non-alert)等級,預警等級從高到低依次為紅色、橙色、黃色、藍色、綠色。
對紅色預警區(qū)(red-alert areas),針對超載因素實施最嚴格的區(qū)域限批,依法暫停辦理相關行業(yè)領域新建、改建、擴建項目審批手續(xù)(government authorities will stop granting approval on relevant projects),明確導致超載產(chǎn)業(yè)退出的時間表,實行城鎮(zhèn)建設用地減量化;對現(xiàn)有嚴重破壞資源環(huán)境承載能力、違法排污破壞生態(tài)資源的企業(yè),依法限制生產(chǎn)、停產(chǎn)整頓(restrict or suspend production),并依法依規(guī)采取罰款、責令停業(yè)、關閉(fine, production suspension or shutdown)以及將相關責任人移送行政拘留等措施從嚴懲處,構(gòu)成犯罪的依法追究刑事責任;對監(jiān)管不力的政府部門負責人及相關責任人(individuals or those in local authorities with slack supervision),根據(jù)情節(jié)輕重實施行政處分直至追究刑事責任;對在生態(tài)環(huán)境和資源方面造成嚴重破壞負有責任的干部,不得提拔使用或者轉(zhuǎn)任重要職務,視情況給予誡勉(persuasion and admonition)、責令公開道歉(issuance of public apology)、組織處理或者黨紀政紀處分(punishment according to Party and administrative discipline);當?shù)卣鶕?jù)超載因素制定系統(tǒng)性減緩超載程度的行動方案,限期退出紅色預警區(qū)(deadlines will be set for these regions to improve local environmental capacity conditions to below the red-alert level)。
對綠色無警區(qū)(green non-alert areas),研究建立生態(tài)保護補償機制和發(fā)展權(quán)補償制度(compensation mechanisms for ecological conservation efforts and development rights),鼓勵符合主體功能定位的適宜產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展,加大綠色金融傾斜力度(increasing green financing support),提高領導干部生態(tài)文明建設目標評價考核權(quán)重。
對從不超載惡化為臨界超載的地區(qū),參照超載地區(qū)水資源(water resources)、土地資源(land resources)、環(huán)境(environment)、生態(tài)(ecology)、海域(marine environment)等單項管控措施酌情進行處理,必要時可參照紅色預警區(qū)綜合配套措施進行處理;對從超載轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榕R界超載或者從臨界超載轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椴怀d的地區(qū),實施不同程度的獎勵性措施。