傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)正式納入《國(guó)際疾病分類》

5月20日-28日，第72屆世界衛(wèi)生大會(huì)在瑞士日內(nèi)瓦萬國(guó)宮舉行。期間，大會(huì)審議通過了《國(guó)際疾病分類第十一次修訂本(ICD-11)》。

A staff member of Cangzhou People's Hospital fills prescriptions of Traditional Chinese Medicine for patients in Cangzhou, north China's Hebei province, May 26, 2019. [Photo/Xinhua]

The World Health Organization (WHO) has for the first time included a chapter about traditional medicines that originated from ancient China in the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision (ICD-11). The revision will come into effect on January 1, 2022.

世界衛(wèi)生組織在《國(guó)際疾病分類第十一次修訂本(ICD-11)》中首次納入起源于古代中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)章節(jié)，該修訂本將于2022年1月1日起實(shí)施。

國(guó)際疾病分類(International Classification of Diseases，ICD)是世界衛(wèi)生組織制定頒布的、國(guó)際統(tǒng)一的疾病分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(the international standard for reporting diseases and health conditions)，是各國(guó)政府在醫(yī)療、管理、教學(xué)和科研及制定政策中關(guān)于疾病分類的規(guī)范性標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，是全球衛(wèi)生健康領(lǐng)域具有權(quán)威性的基礎(chǔ)和通用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之一。

世界衛(wèi)生組織《總干事報(bào)告》指出，ICD-11 包括一個(gè)題為“傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)病證——模塊 1(Traditional medicine conditions – Module 1)”的備用補(bǔ)充章節(jié)，將起源于古代中國(guó)且當(dāng)前在中國(guó)、日本、韓國(guó)和其它國(guó)家普遍使用的傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)病證進(jìn)行了分類(classifies traditional medicine conditions that originated in ancient China and are now commonly used in China, Japan, Republic of Korea and other countries)。將有關(guān)傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)的補(bǔ)充章節(jié)納入《國(guó)際疾病分類》將使我們第一次能夠計(jì)數(shù)傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)服務(wù)和就醫(yī)情況，測(cè)量其形式、頻率、有效性、安全性、質(zhì)量、結(jié)果及費(fèi)用(the measurement of their form, frequency, effectiveness, safety, quality, outcomes, cost)，與主流醫(yī)學(xué)進(jìn)行對(duì)比(comparison with mainstream medicine)，且因?yàn)樵趪?guó)家和國(guó)際層面都使用了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化術(shù)語和定義而可以開展研究。

傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)150條疾病(diseases)和196條證候(disorders)條目納入傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)章節(jié)，像“陰虛(yin deficiency)”“陽虛(yang deficiency)”等描述中醫(yī)證候的詞匯均在列。

A doctor gives acupuncture treatment to a patient at Cangzhou People's Hospital in Cangzhou, north China's Hebei province, May 26, 2019. [Photo/Xinhua]

中醫(yī)界人士表示，中醫(yī)專家對(duì)相關(guān)國(guó)際法規(guī)體系及制定過程并不熟悉，而外國(guó)專家對(duì)中醫(yī)藥也不很熟悉，因此，充分溝通增進(jìn)了解十分關(guān)鍵。

"The release of ICD-11 can help China establish a disease statistics network with the country's TCM health service information according to international standards," said Zhang Boli, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, also president of the Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.

中國(guó)工程院院士、天津中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)張伯禮說：“《國(guó)際疾病分類第十一次修訂本(ICD-11)》的正式發(fā)布有助于我國(guó)建立與國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相銜接并體現(xiàn)我國(guó)中醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生服務(wù)信息的疾病統(tǒng)計(jì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。”

據(jù)國(guó)家中醫(yī)藥管理局消息，

China has signed specialized TCM cooperation agreements with over 40 countries, regions and organizations, built a group of TCM centers in countries and regions along routes of the Belt and Road, and opened hundreds of TCM institutes in more than 30 countries and regions.

目前，我國(guó)與40余個(gè)外國(guó)政府、地區(qū)和組織簽署了專門的中醫(yī)藥合作協(xié)議，在“一帶一路”相關(guān)國(guó)家和地區(qū)建立了一批中醫(yī)藥海外中心，在30多個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)開辦了數(shù)百所中醫(yī)藥院校。

此前，我們還報(bào)道過關(guān)于ICD-11的另一條新聞，就是該修訂版將游戲成癮列為精神疾病，將其定義為“一種持續(xù)或經(jīng)常重復(fù)的游戲行為(數(shù)字游戲或電子游戲)，其中既包含在線游戲也包含本地游戲(a pattern of persistent or recurrent gaming behavior ('digital gaming' or 'video-gaming'), which may be online (i.e., over the Internet) or offline)。”

【相關(guān)詞匯】

中醫(yī) traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)

針灸 acupuncture

艾灸 moxibustion

拔罐 cupping therapy

中草藥 Chinese herbal medicine