十部委發(fā)文：全面推開行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)商會(huì)與行政機(jī)關(guān)脫鉤改革

國家發(fā)改委、民政部、中央組織部等在內(nèi)的10部門于6月14日發(fā)布《關(guān)于全面推開行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)商會(huì)與行政機(jī)關(guān)脫鉤改革的實(shí)施意見》，就全面推開行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)商會(huì)與行政機(jī)關(guān)脫鉤改革提出意見。

A staff member serves a customer at an enterprise service center in Pudong New Area, Shanghai, Aug 28, 2018. [Photo by Gao Erqiang/chinadaily.com.cn]

The decoupling reform was first advanced in July 2015 after the general plan was issued. In three pilot programs over the following three years, 422 national associations and 5,318 provincial industrial associations were decoupled from administrative organs, which account for more than 50 percent of the overall industrial associations.

脫鉤改革總體方案于2015年7月提出，在之后的三年中推出了三批試點(diǎn)，共有422家全國性協(xié)會(huì)和5318家省級(jí)協(xié)會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)與行政機(jī)關(guān)脫鉤，均超過應(yīng)脫鉤協(xié)會(huì)總數(shù)的50%。

【單詞講解】

這里的decouple是前綴de-加couple一詞構(gòu)成的，我們都知道couple表示“夫妻、情侶、配偶、一對(duì)”或者“連接、結(jié)合”等意思，社交媒體上的流行詞CP就是來源于coupling，意思是真人明星或者虛擬人物的粉絲將兩個(gè)人物配對(duì)成戀愛關(guān)系或其他親密關(guān)系的行為。前綴de-一般表示“否定、相反、除去”等意思，所以，decouple就是“使...脫離關(guān)系”的意思，常用的搭配的decouple...from...。

同時(shí)，uncouple也有“脫離關(guān)系”的意思，二者的區(qū)別在哪里呢?簡單來說，uncouple表示客觀上解除二者之間的關(guān)系，比如，夫妻或情侶分手，可以用they are going through the process of uncoupling表示，之后，二者之間就沒有關(guān)系了?；蛘?， uncouple the two railroad cars(使兩節(jié)火車車廂分離)。而decouple表達(dá)的意思要更復(fù)雜一些，就像這里提到的，使行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)與行政機(jī)關(guān)脫鉤，這里的脫鉤不是簡單脫離關(guān)系那么簡單，還涉及到各種復(fù)雜的事務(wù)流程。

實(shí)施意見指出，脫鉤的主體是各級(jí)行政機(jī)關(guān)(administrative organs at various levels)與其主辦、主管、聯(lián)系、掛靠的行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)商會(huì)( industrial associations and chambers of commerce that are organized, administered, have contact with or attached to the administrative organs)。

同時(shí)具有以下特征的行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)商會(huì)納入脫鉤范圍：會(huì)員主體為從事相同性質(zhì)經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的單位、同業(yè)人員，或同地域的經(jīng)濟(jì)組織;名稱以“行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)(industrial association)”、“協(xié)會(huì)(association/society)”、“商會(huì)(chamber of commerce)”、“同業(yè)公會(huì)(guild)”、“聯(lián)合會(huì)(league)”、“促進(jìn)會(huì)(association for promotion)”等字樣為后綴;在民政部門登記為社會(huì)團(tuán)體法人。

According to the document, all the qualified industrial associations and chambers of commerce should be completely decoupled from the related administrative organs in terms of organization, function, personnel, finance, property Party building and publicity.

改革的具體任務(wù)主要包括機(jī)構(gòu)分離、職能分離、資產(chǎn)財(cái)務(wù)分離、人員管理分離、黨建外事等事項(xiàng)分離等。

According to the timetable for the reform, decoupling should be completed in an all-round way by the end of 2020.

根據(jù)實(shí)施意見的時(shí)間安排，全面實(shí)施行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)商會(huì)脫鉤改革，2020年底前基本完成。

【相關(guān)詞匯】

機(jī)構(gòu)改革 institutional reform

簡政放權(quán) streamline administration and delegate powers

互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+政務(wù)服務(wù) the Internet Plus government services model