【BBC紀(jì)錄片】凡爾賽宮 第42期：你知道世界說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的原因嗎

Louis had had nothing to do with the grisly execution,

路易沒(méi)有參與這個(gè)駭人聽(tīng)聞的處決

but accounts of it stained his reputation right across Europe.

但他有責(zé)任 這也毀了他在歐洲的聲譽(yù)

It gives the reign of Louis XV this incredibly ghastly,

這事兒對(duì)路易十五的統(tǒng)治帶來(lái)了

sort of, backward, sort of, feeling to it.

驚人的反作用 人們對(duì)此頗有微詞

Although his physical suffering was nothing

盡管肉體上的痛苦

compared to that meted out to Damiens,

跟達(dá)米安比起來(lái)不值一提

Louis's mental stability was badly shaken by the affair.

該事件嚴(yán)重動(dòng)搖了路易的精神安寧

His closest aides described him as troubled and depressed.

他的親信稱(chēng)他身心失調(diào) 非常消沉

For a monarch who takes being a king extremely seriously,

對(duì)極度尊崇王者之道的統(tǒng)治者來(lái)說(shuō)

this is a big thing,

這是件大事

and all the court talk about, over the next couple of years,

接下來(lái)幾年內(nèi) 宮廷都在談?wù)?/p>

is this depression, this, sort of, melancholic vein to Louis XV.

路易十五那種消沉和憂(yōu)郁的性情

To make matters worse,

更糟糕的是

the conflict with Britain was proving to be disastrous.

與英國(guó)的沖突證實(shí)是災(zāi)難性的

By the end of what's called the Seven Years War,

七年戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)快結(jié)束時(shí)

the French were driven out of Canada, India,

法國(guó)被趕出了加拿大 印度

and much of the Caribbean.

還有加勒比的大部分地區(qū)

The British, largely because of their Navy,

英國(guó)人主要因?yàn)槠鋸?qiáng)大海軍

were able, completely, to turn the tables on France.

能夠徹底地將法國(guó)打敗

France has really lost all her pretensions

法國(guó)失去了所有成為

to becoming a global superpower,

世界霸主的自負(fù)

and she has lost that to England, basically.

基本上都被英國(guó)奪走了

If the world is speaking English today,

現(xiàn)在的世界都在說(shuō)英語(yǔ)

it is partly because of the outcome of the Seven Years War

部分原因就是那場(chǎng)發(fā)生在18世紀(jì)的

in the 18th century.

七年戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的結(jié)果

一.account：n.賬戶(hù),帳目, 賒賬, 老主顧, 報(bào)告, 描述, 解釋, 說(shuō)明, 估計(jì), 理由, 利益, 好處, 根據(jù)

v.解釋, 導(dǎo)致,報(bào)賬,把 ... 視為, 歸咎(于)

【語(yǔ)法用法】

on his own account和of his own accord不可混用，前者意為“為了自己的利益地，自己負(fù)責(zé)地”，后者意為“自愿地，自發(fā)地”;

on account of，意為“因?yàn)?rdquo;，現(xiàn)比較少用upon去替代on;

account后可接賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)，且在賓語(yǔ)后偶爾會(huì)加上to be,偶爾會(huì)加上as，但都不常用。

I account him wise.

I account him a wise man.

注意句子On no account(決不)should we neglect our work中用的是should we,不是we should。

【錯(cuò)句舉例與錯(cuò)句分析】

錯(cuò)句: The Security Council is demanding proper accounting of all missing people.

訂正: The Security Council is demanding proper accounting for all missing people.

翻譯: 安理會(huì)需要合理解釋失蹤人員的記錄。

分析: 安理會(huì)需要合理解釋失蹤人員的記錄，重點(diǎn)在“解釋”上，所以用account for，而非account of。

【詞義辨析】

account, report

這兩個(gè)名詞的有“報(bào)道，敘述”之意。

account普通用詞，不如report正式，側(cè)重對(duì)親身經(jīng)歷或目睹之事所作的書(shū)面或口頭的報(bào)道或敘述。

report正式用詞，多指報(bào)刊上的報(bào)道，強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)情況經(jīng)過(guò)調(diào)查或?qū)徍撕笞鞒龅脑敱M敘述，具有一定權(quán)威性。

【例句用法】

1.In English law a man is accounted innocent until he is proved guilty.

根據(jù)英國(guó)法律，一個(gè)人未經(jīng)證實(shí)有罪仍視為無(wú)罪。

2.His illness accounts for his absence.

他因?yàn)樯?，所以才缺席?/p>

3.He has been asked to account for his conduct.

他被要求解釋他的行為。

4.A man is accounted innocent until he is proven guilty.

一個(gè)人未被證明有罪前，被視為是清白的。

5.I have an account with Midland Bank.

我在米德蘭銀行開(kāi)有戶(hù)頭。

二.outcome：n. 結(jié)果，后果

【詞義辨析】

consequence，result，effect，outcome

consequence: 多指隨某一事件引起的，必然或自然的不良結(jié)果，不強(qiáng)調(diào)直接的因果關(guān)系，而側(cè)重事件發(fā)展的邏輯關(guān)系。

result: 普通用詞，含義廣泛，側(cè)重因某種原因所產(chǎn)生的最終結(jié)果，而不是眼前的結(jié)果。

effect: 指因某種原因直接產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，著重持續(xù)穩(wěn)定與其影響。

outcome: 普通用詞，多指事物經(jīng)過(guò)一系列發(fā)展變化所導(dǎo)致的最終結(jié)局，而不是某種原因的直接結(jié)果。常可與result通用。

【例句用法】

1.Don't conjecture about the outcome.

不要對(duì)結(jié)果妄加猜測(cè)。

2.The outcome of the election is a foregone conclusion.

選舉結(jié)果已在預(yù)料之中。

3.Don't try to second-guess the outcome.

不要猜測(cè)結(jié)果。

4.Public interest centres on the outcome of next week's by-election.

公眾的注意力集中在下周的補(bǔ)選結(jié)果上。