GRE閱讀考試長難句實例分析5

　　1.Many critics of Family Bronte‘s novel Wuthering Heights see its second part as acounterpoint that comments on,if it does not reverse,the first part,where a "romantic" reading receives more confirmation. (5)

　　研究艾米麗勃朗特(Emily Bronte)小說《呼嘯山莊》(Wuthering Heights)的許多文學(xué)評論家，將小說的第二部分視作一種對比物，即使沒有將第一部分予以逆轉(zhuǎn)的話，也是在對第一部分作出一種詮釋評判，而在小說第一部分中，一種“浪漫的”的讀解能獲得更為充分的確證。

　　難句類型：復(fù)雜修飾、插入語

　　解釋：上面的翻譯中為了符合中文習(xí)慣不得不把修飾the first part的where引導(dǎo)的定語從句翻譯到中括號以外。本句主要難在兩個地方，一個是插入語if it does not reverse如何理解，另一個是counterpoint的意思是什么。產(chǎn)生，插入語的位置比較討厭，把comments on the first part這樣一個連貫的說法割成兩段，增加了閱讀的難度。而且它的意思容易理解錯;if既可以理解成如果的意思，也可以理解成即使的意思。如果理解成即使的意思，則上下文的意思則要理解成即使不反對第一部分，也要給予第一部分一個負(fù)面的評論。然而此處不能這樣理解，因為that之前的counterpoint的意思不是相反、對立，而是指和諧的組成部分的意思。這個詞來源于一個音樂術(shù)語，指音樂中的對位法、旋律配合，引伸為形容兩個不同的東西彼此和諧一致，同義詞是harmony.因此文中的if it does not reverse的意思是假如不反對第一部分，則是與第一部分和諧一致的評論的意思。這種情況下，插入語純屬廢話。

　　意群訓(xùn)練：Many critics of Family Bronte‘s novel Wuthering Heights see its second　part as acounterpoint that comments on，if it does not reverse，the first part，where a "romantic" reading receives more confirmation.

　　2. There have been attempts to explain these taboos in terms of inappropriate social relationships either between those who are involved and those who are not simultaneouslyinvolved in the satisfaction of a bodily need,or between those already satiated and those who appear to be shamelessly gorging.(5)

　　人們試圖對這些禁忌作出解釋，所依據(jù)的要么是那些正置身于某一身體需要滿足的人與那些并置身于某一身體需要之滿足的人之間的，要么是那些早已酒足飯飽的人與那些正在不知羞恥地狼吞虎咽失之間的不相稱的社會關(guān)系。

　　難句類型：復(fù)雜修飾、省略

　　解釋：前面的主架構(gòu)There have been attempts to explain these taboos很簡單，從in terms ofinappropriate social relationships開始句子變難，ralationship后面跟著一個一直延續(xù)到句末的長長的修飾成分，其中有兩個固定搭配，either…or…和between…and…，不但如此，原文把這兩個搭配又套在一起，變成了either between…and…，or between…and…;再加上每一個between…and之后都是thosewho這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)，就愈發(fā)令人眼花繚亂了。

　　意群訓(xùn)練：There have been attempts to explain these taboos in terms of inappropriatesocial relationships either between those who are involved and those who are notsimultaneously involved in the satisfaction of a bodily need,or between those already satiated and those who appear to be shamelessly gorging.