成年人的失眠與心臟病和中風有關

成年人的失眠與心臟病和中風有關

Do you suffer from insomnia? You may be more likely to suffer a heart attack or stroke or develop heart disease, according to a new study published Wednesday.

你失眠嗎?周三發(fā)表的一項新研究表明，（如果失眠）你可能更容易患心臟病、中風或心臟病。

"This is probably one of the larger studies that have been published so far on the connection between insomnia and cardiovascular risk," said Harvard professor and neurologist Dr. Natalia Rost, chief of the stroke division at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston.

“這可能是迄今為止發(fā)表的有關失眠與心血管風險之間關系的大型研究之一，”哈佛大學教授、神經(jīng)學家、波士頓麻省總醫(yī)院中風科主任納塔莉亞·羅斯特博士說。

"While we don't understand the exact link, what we've learned over the years is that sleep is important," said Rost, who was not involved in the study.

“雖然我們不知道確切的聯(lián)系，但多年來我們了解到的是睡眠很重要，”羅斯特說，他沒有參與這項研究。

Three key signs of insomnia

失眠的三個主要癥狀

Researchers in the study, published in Neurology, a journal of the American Academy of Neurology, asked nearly a half million Chinese about three key symptoms of insomnia:

這項研究發(fā)表在美國神經(jīng)病學學會的期刊《神經(jīng)病學》上，研究人員就失眠的三種主要癥狀詢問了近50萬中國人：

• Did they have trouble falling and staying asleep?

他們難以入睡并且難以保持睡眠狀態(tài)嗎？

• Did they wake up too early in the morning and couldn't go back to sleep?

他們早上醒的太早而無法再入睡嗎?

• And did they have trouble staying focused during the day because of a lack of sleep?

他們是否因為睡眠不足而在白天難以保持注意力集中?

Ten years later, researchers looked at the cardiovascular health of the study participants. They found those who had all three symptoms of insomnia were 22% more likely to have coronary artery disease and 10% more likely to have a stroke than those who slept well.

十年后，研究人員觀察了該研究參與者的心血管健康。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，與睡眠良好的人相比，那些同時具有這三種失眠癥狀的人患冠狀動脈疾病的可能性要高出22%，患中風的可能性高出10%。

The finding held even after researchers adjusted for confounding factors such as smoking, physical activity level and alcohol use.

即使在研究人員調(diào)整了諸如吸煙、體育活動水平和飲酒等混雜因素后，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)仍然成立。

Then they analyzed the three insomnia questions separately. Those who reported issues with staying focused during the day due to poor sleep were 13% more likely to experience heart issues, the study found.

然后他們分別分析了這三個失眠問題。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些報告說因為睡眠不好而無法在白天保持注意力集中的人，有13%的幾率會出現(xiàn)心臟問題。

People who only reported trouble getting and staying asleep were 9% more likely and those who reported waking too early were 7% more likely to develop stroke and heart conditions than people with no sleep issues.

與沒有睡眠問題的人相比，那些只報告難以入睡或難以保持睡眠的人患中風和心臟病的幾率要高9%，而那些報告過早醒來的人患中風和心臟病的幾率要高7%。

"The link between insomnia symptoms and these diseases was even stronger in younger adults and people who did not have high blood pressure at the start of the study," said study author Dr. Liming Li, of Peking University in Beijing, in a statement.

研究作者、北京大學的李黎明博士在一份聲明中說:“失眠癥狀和這些疾病之間的聯(lián)系在年輕人和研究開始時沒有高血壓的人身上更加明顯。”

"So future research should look especially at early detection and interventions aimed at these groups," Li added.

“因此，未來的研究應該特別關注針對這些群體的早期檢測和干預措施，”李補充說。

A 2017 analysis of 160,000 people found those who had difficulty falling asleep were 27% more likely to have a heart attack or stroke. They also found an association between trouble staying asleep and heart problems, but no association with early-morning awakenings.

2017年，一項針對16萬人的分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，睡眠困難的人患心臟病或中風的幾率要高出27%。他們還發(fā)現(xiàn)睡眠障礙和心臟問題之間存在聯(lián)系，但與早上醒得太早沒有聯(lián)系。

What's the connection?

它們之間有什么聯(lián)系呢？

Science isn't sure about the connection. Previous research has shown that poor sleep quality could change hormone function, elevate inflammatory or change metabolism.

科學并不確定兩者之間的聯(lián)系。以往的研究表明，睡眠質(zhì)量差會改變激素功能，激發(fā)炎癥或改變新陳代謝。