67　表示方式、手段的介詞　Track59

67　表示方式、手段的介詞　Track59

這樣的介詞有：by, with, through, in

（1）by

注意：by后面接動(dòng)名詞或不帶冠詞的單數(shù)名詞。如by boat，而不是by a boat*。

1）表示行為方式。例如：

send something by post

do something by hand

pay by check/by credit card （但要說：pay in cash）

我們還可以說某事發(fā)生是by mistake/by accident/by chance （但要說：on purpose）

2）接交通工具。

by car　by train　by plane/air　by boat/sea/ship　by bus　by bicycle

by metro/subway/underground （但要說：on foot）

注意：

①by car，不說by a car*，by my car*，by the car*，但說：in a car，in my car，in the car。

I don't mind going by car but I don't want to go in your car.

我不介意乘車去，但我又不想坐你的車。

②car, taxi前用介詞in。

They didn't come in their car. They came in a taxi.

他們沒開自己的車來，而是打車來的。

③自行車和公共交通設(shè)施前使用on。

on the train/by train, on his bicycle/by bicycle

3）表示通過某種手段以達(dá)到預(yù)期的結(jié)果。（與with相區(qū)別）

a. We succeeded by cooperating with them.

通過與他們合作，我們?nèi)〉昧顺晒Α?

b. Our Mission is to help our clients achieve their business goals by providing a service for the timely delivery of qualif ied staff to support their operational needs.

我們的宗旨是根據(jù)客戶的業(yè)務(wù)需求及時(shí)地提供合格的人才，從而幫助客戶達(dá)到商業(yè)目的。

（2）with

主要是表示用具體的工具做某事。with接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，需要帶冠詞。例如：

a. I killed a fly with a flyflap.　我用蒼蠅拍打死了一只蒼蠅。

b. We can see with our eyes and write with our hands.

（3）in

表示以某種方式做某事。例如：

a. Write in pencil/ink.

b. Express this in your own words.

c. Speak in a low voice.

d. Pay in installments.　以分期付款的方式支付。

（4）through

其用法與by相近，只是through一般多跟名詞連用，by則多與動(dòng)名詞搭配。

They talked to each other through an interpreter.

第三節(jié)　常見的介詞短語

前文說過，與介詞連用的詞主要有動(dòng)詞、名詞和形容詞。因此，我們把常見的介詞短語也如此分類。

68　與動(dòng)詞搭配的短語

1）動(dòng)詞+介詞：

accuse of　apply for

ask for　believe in

blame for　begin with

compare with　compare to

comply with　conform to

consist of　consist in

consist with　cooperate with

deal in　depend on

differ from　differ in

dream of　insist on

lead to　live on

listen to　object to

occur to　persist in

prefer to　prepare for

refer to　rely on

remind of　resort to

result from　result in

succeed in　think about/of

wait for　warn of

2）動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞：

play a role in　take advantage of

take part in

3）動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞：

catch up with　come up with

make up for　put up with

be fed up with