福爾摩斯探案集·五個(gè)桔核 第20期:解剖案情(2)

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Sherlock Holmes closed his eyes and placed his elbows upon the arms of his chair, with his finger-tips together.

歇洛克·福爾摩斯閉上了眼睛，兩肘靠在椅子的扶手上，指尖合攏在一起，

"The ideal reasoner," he remarked, "would, when he had once been shown a single fact in all its bearings,

說道，“對于一個(gè)理想的推理家來說，一旦有人向他指明一個(gè)事實(shí)的一個(gè)方面以后，

deduce from it not only all the chain of events which led up to it but also all the results which would follow from it.

他就能從這一個(gè)方面不僅推斷出導(dǎo)致這個(gè)事實(shí)的各個(gè)方面，而且能夠推斷出由此將會(huì)產(chǎn)生的一切后果。

As Cuvier could correctly describe a whole animal by the contemplation of a single bone,

正如居維葉，經(jīng)過深思默想就能根據(jù)一塊骨頭準(zhǔn)確地描繪出一頭完整的動(dòng)物一樣。

so the observer who has thoroughly understood one link in a series of incidents

一個(gè)觀察家，既已徹底了解一系列事件中的一環(huán)，

should be able to accurately state all the other ones, both before and after.

就應(yīng)能正確地說明前前后后的所有其它的環(huán)節(jié)。

We have not yet grasped the results which the reason alone can attain to.

我們還沒有掌握唯有理性才能獲得的結(jié)果。

Problems may be solved in the study which have baffled all those who have sought a solution by the aid of their senses.

問題只有通過研究才能獲得解決，企圖憑借直覺解決問題的人是會(huì)失敗的。

To carry the art, however, to its highest pitch,

不過，要使這種藝術(shù)達(dá)到登峰造極的地步，

it is necessary that the reasoner should be able to utilize all the facts which have come to his knowledge;

推理家就必須善于利用他已經(jīng)掌握的所有事實(shí)，

and this in itself implies, as you will readily see, a possession of all knowledge,

這是你不難理解的，其本身就意味著要掌握一切知識(shí)。

which, even in these days of free education and encyclopaedias, is a somewhat rare accomplishment.

而要做到這一點(diǎn)，即使在有了免費(fèi)教育和百科全書的今天，多少也還是一種難得的成就。

It is not so impossible, however, that a man should possess all knowledge which is likely to be useful to him in his work,

一個(gè)人要掌握對他工作可能有用的全部知識(shí)，倒也未必是絕對不可能的。

and this I have endeavoured in my case to do.

我本身就一直在作此努力。

If I remember rightly, you on one occasion, in the early days of our friendship, defined my limits in a very precise fashion."

如果我沒記錯(cuò)的話，在我們結(jié)交之初，你曾有一次十分精確地指出了我的局限性。”