英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)順口流和小竅門

基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞歌
基變序，有規(guī)律
詞尾加上-ed(fourth,sixth)
一、二、三，特殊例，
結(jié)尾字母t,d,d(first,second,third)
八去t,九去e,(eighth,ninth)
ve要用 f替;(fifth,twelfth)
ty將y改成i,
th前面有個(gè)e。
若是碰到幾十幾，
前用基來(lái)后用序。

巧記以-o結(jié)尾加-es的詞
A.“兩人兩菜”（hero,negro,potato,tomato)
B.一句話 Negroes and heroes like to eat potatoes and tomatoes
C。有生命的加Es，無(wú)生命的加-s.
巧記不規(guī)則名詞單變復(fù)
男女腳步牙鵝，老鼠加虱婆。
man-men; woman-women; foot-feet; tooth-teeth; goose-geese; mouse-mice; louse-lice.

WITHSPEM
有些動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，常表示“想做而未做”的意思?？汕捎浧涫鬃譃榻M成的“withspem”，代表：wish,intend,think,hope,suppose,plan,expect,mean

Fanboys
要求前后 對(duì)稱的詞語(yǔ)，包括可有并列連詞，其中最常見(jiàn)的是for,and,nor,but,or,get,so 為了便于記憶，可將其首字母連成“fanboys”.（此外，還有both...and,neither...nor,not only...but also,以及表示比較的詞語(yǔ)than,as...as,not so ...as,prefer...to,nather than等

從句之要素
從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的角度看，任何從句都有三個(gè)要素，即時(shí)態(tài)與主句要響應(yīng)，關(guān)聯(lián)詞使用要恰當(dāng)，主要結(jié)構(gòu)不倒裝。


規(guī)則動(dòng)詞加Ed的讀音
清讀[t]，濁元[d]
t、d后面讀[id]

一句話記名詞所有格的構(gòu)成分式和用法
The children's teacher asked a friend of tom's to bring him some students' books on the first day of the month.

一句話記清輔音濁化
Some youths are walking along the paths to have baths in the houses with something in their mouths.

加-ing要雙寫(xiě)的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞
一個(gè)m，兩個(gè)d和g
(swim) (nod,rid) (dig,beg)
三n，四p，十個(gè)t
(run,win,begin)
(dip,drop,mop,stop)
(sit,hit,fit,set,get,let,put,regret,forget,pat)
(下加線的詞，構(gòu)成過(guò)去式、過(guò)去分詞時(shí)，也須雙寫(xiě)尾字母）

五種基本句型歌
英語(yǔ)句子萬(wàn)萬(wàn)千，五大句型把線牽。
句型種類為動(dòng)詞，后接什么是關(guān)鍵；
系詞后面接表語(yǔ)；vi獨(dú)身無(wú)牽連；
vt又可分三類，單賓雙賓最常見(jiàn)，
還有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)；各種搭配記心間。

五種基本句型：
1.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)
2.主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞
3.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)
4.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
5.主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)1+賓語(yǔ)2


對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)的程序
一代（用疑問(wèn)詞代替劃線部分），
二移（把疑問(wèn)詞移至句首）
三倒（顛倒主謂語(yǔ)，但對(duì)主語(yǔ)或其定語(yǔ)提問(wèn)時(shí)除外）
四抄（照抄其它部分）

直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)人稱代詞轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)律
一從主 He said to Tom,“I can help them.”
He said to Tom that he could help them.
二從賓 He said to her,“You can help them.”
He told her that she could help them.
三不變 He said to Tom,“They can help them.”
He told Tom that they could help them.

祈使句變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)的規(guī)律
一改 （主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）
二變 （呼語(yǔ)為間接賓語(yǔ)）
三加 （to）
四去 （please）

不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)
不定式，不帶to,九個(gè)動(dòng)詞要記住，
一聽(tīng)（hear）二看（see,watch）三感覺(jué)（feel,notice,observe），make,let和have；
作賓補(bǔ)，是禿頭；當(dāng)主補(bǔ)時(shí)要帶to.

before和ago巧記
before帶在點(diǎn)之前，ago總在段之后。
before時(shí)態(tài)不確定，過(guò)去時(shí)中用ago。


be在現(xiàn)在時(shí)中與人稱的搭配
我是am，你是are,is跟隨著他，她，它。
復(fù)數(shù)后面用什么，統(tǒng)統(tǒng)都是一個(gè)are。
肯定句變疑問(wèn)句口訣
“是，情，助”，移向前，
主語(yǔ)其后把身安，
一般，現(xiàn)在，與過(guò)去，
do,does,did添在前，再改謂語(yǔ)為原形。
最后要把問(wèn)號(hào)點(diǎn)。

徐敬珍《中學(xué)生英語(yǔ)讀寫(xiě)》

be made of 和be made from 巧記
物質(zhì)不變用of,物質(zhì)變化from,如果物質(zhì)不明白，可問(wèn)君自何處來(lái)？

要求跟隨動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞
(1)“megafeps”(霉咖啡不吃),mind,miss,enjoy,give up,admit,avoid,finish,escape,practise.
(2)“makes (a) fit speach”mind,Avoid,keep,Enjoy,Suggest/Finish,Imagine,Think about,Spend,Practise,Excuse,escape,Can't help

要求跟不定式的動(dòng)詞
“要想干，同意辦，愿意不愿意，決定盡量干。”
A要求，想要，希望(want,wish,hope,expect,intend,mean)
B同意(agree,promise)
C意愿(care,hate,refuse)
D決定，企圖(determine,decide,offer,attempt,try,manage)

要求跟不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞
(1)勸教命請(qǐng)叫(advise,teach,order,command,ask,tell)
(2)允許又警告(allow,permit,warn)
(3)使役表意向(cause,let,have,make,lead,set,leave,get,wish,want,expect)
(4)知覺(jué)動(dòng)詞妙(feel,hear,watch,see,observe,notice)<省卻to>

既跟動(dòng)名詞也跟不定式的動(dòng)詞
begin,start,continue,forget,remember,regret,intend,like,love,hate,try,mean.
用不定式和動(dòng)名詞造成的意義上的差別歸為五點(diǎn)：
不定式 動(dòng)名詞
A）某一具體行動(dòng) 指一般的、經(jīng)常的情況
B）表示主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作 可能表示任何人的動(dòng)作
C）主動(dòng) 被動(dòng)
D）未發(fā)生的事 已發(fā)生的事
E）短暫的或可能進(jìn)行的事 延續(xù)的或重復(fù)發(fā)生的事
She hated to talk about people's shortcomings.
She hate talking about people's shortcomings.
She wants to repair the desk.
The desk wants repairing.

節(jié)摘于《英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)報(bào)》請(qǐng)你記住 A Fu's Cap 張?jiān)撇?



常見(jiàn)的要求跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：
advise,forbid,understand,suppose,consider,allow,permit.連接首字母即為A Fu's Cap（阿福的帽子）
阿福的帽子，代表七動(dòng)詞，賓補(bǔ)不定式，賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞
Ex.—What is it that they permit?
—Some old magazines.
A.taking away B.being taken away
C.to take away D.to be taken away

改編節(jié)選自《英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)報(bào)》



常見(jiàn)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞三種形式變化歸類
趙寶斌 編輯總結(jié)



come came come
become became become


steal stole stolen
speak spoke spoken
break broke broken


drive drove driven
write wrote written
give gave given


swim swan swum
spring sprang sprung
run ran run
begin began begun
drink drank drunk


blow blew blown
grow grew grown
know knew known
throw threw thrown
show showed shown
draw drew drawn


bring brought bought
fight fought fought
think thought thought
buy bought bought


catch caught caught


keep kept kept
sweep swept swept
leave left left
feel felt felt



tear tore torn
wear wore worn


pay paid paid
say said said


build built built
send sent sent
lend leant leant
dig dug dug
win won won
sell sold sold
tell told told
sit sat sat
hear heard heard
make made made
lose lost lost
stand stood stood
find found found
get got got
hold held held
feed fed fed
meet met met
lead led led


beat beat beaten
do did done
see saw seen
take took taken


shut shut shut
cost cost cost
hit hit hit
set set set
put put put
let let let
cut cut cut